TCM- Differentiation of Syndroms According to the 8 Principles (Exam 1) cont'd

COLD:
Full Cold:

Interior Full-Cold can arise from direct invasion of exterior Cold into the Interior. In particular, exterior Cold can invade the Stomach causing vomiting and epigastric pain, the Intestines causing diarrhea and abdominal pain and the Uterus causing acute dysmenorrhea. All these conditions would have an acute onset. Cold can also invade the Liver channel causing swelling and pain of the scrotum. <--direct strike

Comparison between Full-Cold and Empty-Cold
	Full-Cold	Empty-Cold
Pain:	Sharp, worse on pressure	Dull, better with pressure
Bowels:	Better after bowel movement	Worse after bowel movement
Pulse:	Full-Tight-Deep	Weak-Slow-Deep
Tongue:	Thick white t.c.	Thin, white t.c.

Manifestations and Etiology of Full vs. Empty Cold
	Manifestations	Etiology
Full-Cold:	Feeling of cold, cold limbs, absence of thirst, pale face, abdominal pain that is aggravated on pressure, a desire to drink warm liquids, loose stools, clear abundant urine. Deep-Full-Tight pulse Pale tongue with thick white t.c.	· Cold foods (salad, fruit, iced drinks) · External Cold that penetrates into the Interior
Empty-Cold:	Feeling of cold, cold limbs, dull, pale face, no thirst, listlessness, sweating, loose stools, clear abundant urination Deep-Slow or Weak pulse Pale tongue with thin white t.c.	· Excessive physical work · Diet (eg. inadequate consumption of hot foods) · Excessive sexual activity (KD Yang) · Internal Cold injuring Yang

Heat above-cold below

In some cases there is Heat above (as Heat tends to rise) and Cold below. This manifestations of this situation might be thirst, irritability, sour regurgitation, bitter taste, mouth ulcers (manifestations of Heat above), loose stools, borborygmi and profuse pale urine (manifestations of Cold below).

FULL/EMPTY

The differentiation between Fullness and Emptiness is an extremely important one. The distinction is made according to the presence or absence of a pathogenic factor and to the strength of the body’s energies.

The distinction between Full and Empty is one which is more than any other made on the basis of observation. A strong, loud voice, an excruciating pain, a very red face, profuse sweating, restlessness, throwing off the bedclothes, outbursts of temper, are all signs of a Full condition. A weak voice, a dull-lingering pain, a very pale face, slight sweating, listlessness, curling up in bed, quiet disposition, are all signs of and Empty condition.

Full Conditions:

The main clinical manifestations of a Full condition are acute disease, restlessness, irritability, a red face, a strong voice, coarse breathing, pain aggravated by pressure, high-pitch tinnitus, profuse sweating, scanty urination, constipation and a pulse of the Excess type.

Any interior pathogenic factor also gives rise to a Full condition, provided the body’s Qi is strong enough to engage in a struggle against such pathogenic factors. Examples of these are interior Cold, Heat, Dampness, Wind, Fire and Phlegm. Stagnation of Qi and Stasis of Blood are also Full conditions.

Empty Conditions:

It is impossible to generalize the clinical manifestations of Empty conditions as these depend on the organ and the Vital substance involved. Generally though, the most common clinical manifestations of an Empty condition are tiredness, loose stools, weak voice, desire to lie down, slightly pale tongue, weak pulse.

Types of Empties:

Empty Yang-

The main clinical manifestations, are in addition to those of Emptiness of Qi: chilliness, a bright pale face, cold limbs, no thirst, a desire for hot drinks, loose stolls, frequent pale urination, a Weak pulse and a Pale wet tongue.

The organs that most commonly suffer from Yang deficiency are the Spleen, Kidney, Lung<>

Empty Yin:

The main manifestations of Emptiness of Yin are low-grade fever or feeling of heat in the afternoon, 5-palm heat, a dry throat at night, night sweating, emaciation, a Floating-Empty pulse and a Red-peeled and dry tongue.

Again, the above are only the general symptoms of Emptiness of Yin, other symptoms depending on which organ is mostly involved. The organs most likely to suffer from Yin Emptiness are the Kidneys, Lung, Heart, Liver and Stomach.

Collapse of Yin:

The main manifestations are abundant perspiration, skin hot to the touch, hot limbs, a dry mouth with desire to drink cold liquids in small sips, retention of urine, constipation, a Floating-Empty and Rapid pulse and a Red peeled, short and dry tongue.

Collapse of Yang:

The main manifestations are chilliness, cold limbs, weak breathing, profuse sweating with an oily sweat, no thirst, frequent-profuse urination or incontinence, loose stools or incontinence, a Minute-Deep pulse and a pale wet swollen short tongue.